Canada has confirmed that four of its citizens, all dual nationals, were executed in China earlier this year for drug-related crimes. Canadian Foreign Minister Mélanie Joly stated that their identities are being withheld.

China defended its actions, stating that the executions were carried out “in accordance with the law” and urged Canada to respect its judicial sovereignty. A Chinese embassy spokesperson criticized Canada for making “irresponsible remarks,” further straining diplomatic relations.

Canada had repeatedly appealed for clemency at the highest levels, with former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau also involved in efforts to prevent the executions. Joly reaffirmed Canada’s opposition to the death penalty in all cases.

China has strict drug laws, and while the country often sentences individuals to death, executions of foreign nationals remain rare. Amnesty International Canada condemned the executions as “shocking and inhumane,” expressing concern for other Canadians still facing the death penalty in China.

Tensions between Canada and China have remained high since 2018, following the arrest of Huawei executive Meng Wanzhou and subsequent detentions of Canadian citizens in China. Recent trade disputes and allegations of Chinese interference in Canadian elections have further strained relations.